The Practice of the Death Penalty in Middle Eastern Countries Reviewed from the Perspective of International Law

Abstract

Introduction: Issues surrounding the application of the death law are still a topic of concern, especially in the context of its implementation. The debate continues, especially between countries that have abolished the death penalty and countries that still apply it. Those who support the death penalty argue that this step is still necessary for cases of serious crimes that threaten other individuals' human rights.

Purposes of the Research: To study and understand how the death penalty is carried out in Middle Eastern countries and also to study and understand the views of international law in minimizing the practice of the death penalty in Middle Eastern countries.

Methods of the Research: This writing uses a normative juridical research method, with the problem approaches used being the statutory approach, conceptual approach and case approach. The sources of legal materials in this writing are primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The technique for collecting legal materials uses library research which is then analyzed qualitatively to answer the problems being studied.

Results of the Research: The research results show the practice of the death penalty in Middle Eastern countries, especially Saudi Arabia, Iran and Egypt, as well as the suitability of its implementation with international legal instruments such as the ICCPR and UDHR. It found that although several countries have ratified these instruments, the practice of the death penalty often contravenes human rights principles, especially regarding the fairness of legal proceedings and the death penalty for the most serious crimes. To minimize the use of the death penalty, it is recommended that Middle Eastern countries carry out in-depth legal reforms, including abolishing the death penalty for non-serious cases and increasing dialogue with the international community to respect and protect human rights.