Author Guidelines

1. TYPES OF MANUSCRIPT

TATOHI accepts Original Research Articles presenting original findings, critical legal analysis, and meaningful contributions to legal scholarship. Manuscripts must identify a clear research problem, employ an appropriate research methodology, provide systematic analysis, and present conclusions supported by the research findings.

2. GENERAL MANUSCRIPT REQUIREMENTS

Manuscripts must be original, unpublished, and not under consideration by another journal. Manuscripts may be written in Indonesian or English and must use clear academic language.

Authors must follow these Author Guidelines and the official TATOHI manuscript template. Manuscripts must be submitted in Microsoft Word format through the journal's online submission system. Authors are responsible for the accuracy of the manuscript, citations, references, and declarations.

3. MANUSCRIPT STRUCTURE

Manuscripts should be organized in the following order:

1. Title

2. Author Names and Affiliations

3. Corresponding Author's Email

4. Abstract

5. Keywords

6. Introduction

7. Methods of the Research

8. Results and Discussion

9. Conclusion

10. Acknowledgments (optional)

11. Author Declarations

12. References

Please prepare your manuscript before sending it, using the writing instructions below. Please download the Manuscript Template (.DOCX) file.

4. TITLE

The title must accurately reflect the substance of the article and contain a maximum of 16 words. It must use Book Antiqua Bold, 16 pt, and be aligned to the left. Avoid unnecessary abbreviations and overly general wording.

5. AUTHOR NAMES AND AFFILIATIONS

Authors must provide their full names without abbreviations or academic titles. Each author's institutional affiliation must include the institution, city, and country.

Example:

Faculty of Law, Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia.

All listed authors must have made a meaningful contribution to the research and approved the submitted manuscript.

6. CORRESPONDING AUTHOR

The corresponding author's email address must be provided and marked with an asterisk (*). The corresponding author is responsible for communication with the editorial office and coordinating responses on behalf of all authors.

7. ABSTRACT

The abstract must be written in English and must not exceed 300 words. It must follow the manuscript template: Book Antiqua, 10 pt, italic, and single-spaced.

The abstract must contain the following components:

1. Introduction — maximum 50 words. Briefly introduce the research problem.

2. Purposes of the Research — maximum 40 words. State the principal research objective.

3. Methods of the Research — maximum 50 words. Summarize the research method and approach.

4. Results / Main Findings / Novelty / Originality of the Research — maximum 110 words. Present the main findings and explain the research contribution or originality.

5. Conclusion — maximum 50 words. State the principal conclusion and its significance, where relevant.

The abstract must be self-contained and must not include citations or footnotes. The individual component limits total a maximum of 300 words.

8. KEYWORDS

Provide relevant keywords separated by semicolons. Keywords should represent the main legal concepts, issues, or subjects addressed in the article.

Example:

Legal Protection; Traditional Knowledge; Sui Generis

9. INTRODUCTION

The Introduction must explain the research background, legal problem, relevant literature, state of the art, limitations of previous research, research gap, novelty or originality, and research objectives or questions.

Authors should explain why the research is necessary and how it contributes to existing legal scholarship. Relevant scholarly sources must support the arguments presented.

10. METHODS OF THE RESEARCH

The Methods of the Research section is mandatory for all original research articles. Authors must describe the research methods, approaches, techniques for collecting data or legal materials, and methods of analysis used, as applicable to the study.

For normative legal research, authors should identify the relevant approaches, such as the statute approach, conceptual approach, case approach, or analytical approach. For empirical legal research, authors should explain the research design, data sources, data collection techniques, and analysis methods.

The methodology must be consistent with the research objectives and legal issues examined.

Example:

This paper employs normative legal research and uses the statute, conceptual, and analytical approaches. Legal materials are collected through document-based research and analyzed qualitatively.

11. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The Results and Discussion section must present the research findings and provide descriptive, analytical, and critical discussion. The discussion should follow the sequence of the principal legal issues examined in the study.

Authors must analyze relevant legal provisions, legal principles, theories, jurisprudence, and scholarly literature. The discussion should explain the significance and originality of the findings and, where relevant, compare them with previous research.

Subheadings may be used to organize the analysis. Tables and figures must be numbered, titled, cited in the manuscript, and accompanied by source information where applicable. Each table or figure must be discussed in the text.

Tables should use an open format without vertical lines. Figures must be clearly readable and should preferably have a resolution of at least 300 DPI.

12. CONCLUSION

The Conclusion must directly answer the research objectives or questions and state the principal findings clearly and concisely. It must not merely repeat the abstract or summarize the Results and Discussion section.

Recommendations or implications may be included where supported by the research findings.

13. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Authors may acknowledge individuals or organizations that provided substantive assistance but do not qualify for authorship. If there are no acknowledgments, this section may be omitted.

14. AUTHOR DECLARATIONS

Authors must provide the following declarations in the manuscript.

14.1. Ethical Considerations and Ethical Clearance

Authors must provide an appropriate statement concerning research ethics and ethical clearance, where applicable.

For research involving human participants, personal data, or other activities requiring ethical approval, authors should identify the approving ethics committee and provide the ethical clearance number and year.

If ethical clearance was not required, authors should explain this based on the actual nature of the research.

Example where applicable:

Ethical Clearance: This research was approved by the [Name of Ethics Committee], Ethical Clearance No. [number], [year].

Example where ethical clearance was not required:

Ethical Considerations: This study did not involve human participants, personal data, or other activities requiring formal ethical approval. Therefore, ethical clearance was not required.

Authors must adapt the statement to the actual research and applicable ethical requirements.

14.2. Author Contributions: CRediT Contributor Roles

Authors must provide an Author Contributions statement using the CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy). Each author must be identified by name, followed by the role or roles that accurately reflect their contribution.

The following 14 roles and definitions follow the CRediT Contributor Role Taxonomy maintained by the National Information Standards Organization (NISO).

Term	Definition
Conceptualization	Ideas; formulation or evolution of overarching research goals and aims.
Methodology	Development or design of methodology; creation of models.
Software	Programming, software development; designing computer programs; implementation of the computer code and supporting algorithms; testing of existing code components.
Validation	Verification, whether as a part of the activity or separate, of the overall replication/reproducibility of results/experiments and other research outputs.
Formal Analysis	Application of statistical, mathematical, computational, or other formal techniques to analyze or synthesize study data.
Investigation	Conducting a research and investigation process, specifically performing the experiments, or data/evidence collection.
Resources	Provision of study materials, reagents, materials, patients, laboratory samples, animals, instrumentation, computing resources, or other analysis tools.
Data Curation	Management activities to annotate (produce metadata), scrub data and maintain research data, including software code where necessary for interpreting the data itself, for initial use and later reuse.
Writing – Original Draft	Preparation, creation and/or presentation of the published work, specifically writing the initial draft, including substantive translation.
Writing – Review & Editing	Preparation, creation and/or presentation of the published work by those from the original research group, specifically critical review, commentary or revision, including pre- or post-publication stages.
Visualization	Preparation, creation and/or presentation of the published work, specifically visualization/data presentation.
Supervision	Oversight and leadership responsibility for the research activity planning and execution, including mentorship external to the core team.
Project Administration	Management and coordination responsibility for the research activity planning and execution.
Funding Acquisition	Acquisition of the financial support for the project leading to this publication.

Authors should select only the roles that accurately describe their actual contributions. Not every author must have multiple roles, and a role should not be assigned unless the contribution was genuinely made. The corresponding author must ensure that all authors have reviewed and approved the Author Contributions statement.

Example for a single-author manuscript:

Author Contributions: Michael Anderson: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Formal Analysis, Writing – Original Draft, Writing – Review & Editing, Visualization, and Project Administration.

Example for a multi-author manuscript:

Author Contributions: James Wilson: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software. Priya Sharma: Data Curation, Writing – Original Draft. Li Wei: Visualization, Investigation. Ahmad Rahman: Supervision. Daniel Thompson: Software, Validation. Siti Nur Aisyah: Writing – Review & Editing.

Contributors who do not meet the journal's authorship requirements should not be listed as authors and may instead be acknowledged in the Acknowledgments section.

14.3. Funding

Authors must disclose all financial or material support that contributed to the research or preparation of the manuscript. Identify the funding organization and grant or project number, where applicable. Authors should also state the funder's role in the research and publication process where relevant.

Example where the research was funded:

Funding: This research was funded by the [Name of Funding Organization], Grant No. [grant/project number]. The funder had no role in the study design, data collection, analysis, interpretation of the findings, preparation of the manuscript, or decision to submit the manuscript for publication.

Example where there was no specific funding:

Funding: This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

14.4. Conflict of Interest

Authors must disclose any financial or non-financial relationships, activities, affiliations, or interests that could influence, or could reasonably be perceived to influence, the research, interpretation of findings, or publication of the manuscript.

Example where there is no conflict of interest:

Conflict of Interest: The authors declare that there are no financial or non-financial conflicts of interest that could have influenced, or could reasonably be perceived to have influenced, the research, interpretation of the findings, or publication of this article.

Example where a conflict exists:

Conflict of Interest: The authors declare the following potential conflict of interest: [describe the relevant financial or non-financial relationship, activity, affiliation, or interest].

Disclosure of a conflict of interest does not automatically make a manuscript unsuitable for publication. Disclosure enables editors and readers to assess potential sources of bias.

14.5. Use of Artificial Intelligence

Authors who use artificial intelligence (AI) or AI-assisted tools in preparing, analyzing, translating, generating, editing, or otherwise producing a manuscript or its research outputs must disclose the tool and the purpose and extent of its use.

Authors remain responsible for verifying the accuracy, originality, integrity, and final content of their manuscripts. AI tools must not be listed as authors or co-authors.

Where AI contributes to data analysis, coding, figure generation, or other aspects of the research methodology, its use must also be described in the Methods of the Research section.

Example where AI was not used:

Use of Artificial Intelligence: The authors declare that no artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted technologies were used in the preparation, analysis, or production of this manuscript.

Example where AI was used:

Use of Artificial Intelligence: During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors used [Name of AI Tool, version, and developer/provider] for [describe the purpose and extent of use]. The authors critically reviewed and verified all AI-assisted output and remain fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, integrity, and final content of the manuscript.

15. REFERENCES AND CITATION STYLE

TATOHI uses the Chicago Manual of Style, 17th edition, Notes and Bibliography (full note). Citations must be provided in footnotes, and a complete reference list must appear at the end of the manuscript.

Authors must comply with the following requirements:

1. Each manuscript must contain at least 16 references.

2. Include only sources that have actually been consulted and cited in the manuscript.

3. Arrange the reference list alphabetically by author surname.

4. Recent publications from the last 10 years are recommended where relevant.

5. Authors are strongly encouraged to prioritize primary sources, with approximately 60% primary sources and 40% books or other relevant sources as a general recommendation.

6. Include DOI links where available.

7. Reference management software such as Zotero, Mendeley, or EndNote is recommended.

Do not mix Chicago full-note style with APA author-date citations or endnotes. Ensure that every source cited in the footnotes appears in the reference list and that every entry in the reference list is cited in the manuscript.

Journal Article — Footnote

Muchtar Anshary Hamid Labetubun, “A Legal Awareness of Copyright on Regional Song Creators,” International Journal of Law Reconstruction 5, no. 1 (2021): 49–61, https://doi.org/10.26532/ijlr.v5i1.15406.

Journal Article — Reference List

Labetubun, Muchtar Anshary Hamid. “A Legal Awareness of Copyright on Regional Song Creators.” International Journal of Law Reconstruction 5, no. 1 (2021): 49–61. https://doi.org/10.26532/ijlr.v5i1.15406.

Book — Footnote

Teng Berlianty, Hukum Organisasi Perusahaan (Sidoarjo: Zifatama Jawara, 2019), 1.

Book — Reference List

Berlianty, Teng. Hukum Organisasi Perusahaan. Sidoarjo: Zifatama Jawara, 2019.

Authors should consult the official Chicago Manual of Style citation guide for other source types.

16. ORCID iD

The corresponding author must provide a valid ORCID iD and authenticate it through the official ORCID authentication process in the OJS profile before submitting the manuscript.

Co-authors are encouraged to register for and provide their ORCID iDs.