Legal Certainty of Court Decisions with Permanent Legal Force: Kepastian Hukum Putusan Pengadilan yang Berkekuatan Hukum Tetap

Revandio Hendruno Moenandar; Adonia Ivone Laturette; Barzah Latupono

doi:10.47268/pamali.v6i2.3325

Authors

Revandio Hendruno Moenandar ✉ Universitas Pattimura , Indonesia
Adonia Ivone Laturette Universitas Pattimura , Indonesia
Barzah Latupono Universitas Pattimura , Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47268/pamali.v6i2.3325

Keywords:

Execution of Court Decisions, Legal Certainty, Inkracht, Contempt of Court

Abstract

Introduction: The implementation of the execution of court decisions that have acquired permanent legal force (inkracht) is one of the important aspects in upholding justice in Indonesia. However, in practice, many judgments cannot be implemented or executed in a timely manner, especially in civil disputes over land.

Purposes of the Research: This research aims to analyze and explain the legal certainty of court decisions that have permanent legal force in accordance with Laws and Regulations Number 8 of 2004 concerning amendments to Law Number 2 of 1986 concerning the General Judiciary and Law Number 48 of 2009 concerning Judicial Power.

Methods of the Research: This research is a normative legal research, which is a research that mainly examines positive legal provisions, legal principles, legal principles and legal doctrine in order to answer the legal issues faced. The legal materials used are primary legal materials and secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. The problem approaches used in this study are the Statute approach, the conceptual approach and the case approach.

Results Main Findings of the Research: Based on the analysis of the executory power of court decisions that have permanent legal force (inkracht van gewijsde) is a fundamental element in ensuring legal certainty, justice, and protection of rights to the object of dispute. However, in practice, many decisions cannot be implemented effectively due to various obstacles, such as resistance from the respondent, intervention from external parties, weak support from law enforcement officials, and the existence of the land mafia. This problem causes legal uncertainty, losses for the winning party, and injures the authority of the judiciary and public trust in the rule of law. This study highlights the case of Determination of Execution Number 22/Pen.Pdt.eks/2018/PN Amb Jo Number 74/Pdt.G/1989/PN Amb as a concrete example of the weak implementation of execution. The author recommends strengthening coordination between institutions, revising regulations to simplify the execution process, imposing strict sanctions on parties who obstruct the implementation of judgments (contempt of court), and legal education to the public to foster awareness of the importance of respecting court decisions. This strengthening is expected to restore public trust in the judicial system and realize real legal certainty.

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