Perlindungan Penduduk Sipil Dari Kelompok Kriminal Bersenjata Di Provinsi Papua Ditinjau Dari Hukum Humaniter Internasional

Chrisdian Balandina Hitipeuw; Marthinus Kainama; Richard Marsilio Waas

doi:10.47268/tatohi.v2i11.1446

Perlindungan Penduduk Sipil Dari Kelompok Kriminal Bersenjata Di Provinsi Papua Ditinjau Dari Hukum Humaniter Internasional

Chrisdian Balandina Hitipeuw⁽¹⁾, Marthinus Kainama⁽²⁾, Richard Marsilio Waas⁽³⁾

(1) Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia
(2) Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia
(3) Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia
email

Corresponding Author

Abstract

Introduction: Civil protection in Papua Province from Armed Criminal Groups (KKB) must be a serious concern, considering the cruel actions carried out by the KKB starting from shootings, persecution, arson and various other forms of crime that have caused casualties and property that have continued since to year.

Purposes of the Research: to know the regulation of non-international armed conflict and how to protect the civilian population from KKB in Papua Province.

Methods of the Research: This legal research, the author uses normative research. That is, a study that primarily examines positive legal provisions, legal principles, and legal doctrines to answer legal questions faced.

Results of the Research: The results show that the regulation of non-international armed conflicts can be found in the Geneva Convention of 1949 article 3 regarding armed conflicts that are not international in nature in which one of the major participants is required to comply with the provisions regarding protected persons in the event that they are not actively engaged in hostilities. Furthermore, regarding the protection of the civilian population in Papua Province based on a review of humanitarian law so far it cannot be applied, because the conflict conditions in Papua Province cannot yet be categorized as non-international conflicts, but are classified as situations of domestic security disturbances or internal disturbances and tensions. Thus national law and international human rights law apply.

Keywords

Civilians; Armed Criminal Group; International Humanitarian Law

DOI

10.47268/tatohi.v2i11.1446

Published

2023-01-31

How To Cite

APA: Hitipeuw, C.B., Kainama, M., & Waas, R.M. (2023). Perlindungan Penduduk Sipil Dari Kelompok Kriminal Bersenjata Di Provinsi Papua Ditinjau Dari Hukum Humaniter Internasional. TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 2(11), 1077 – 1089. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47268/tatohi.v2i11.1446.

IEEE: C.B. Hitipeuw, M. Kainama, and R.M. Waas, "Perlindungan Penduduk Sipil Dari Kelompok Kriminal Bersenjata Di Provinsi Papua Ditinjau Dari Hukum Humaniter Internasional", TATOHI J. Ilmu Huk., vol. 2, no. 11, pp. 1077 – 1089, Jan. 2023. Accessed on: Nov. 22, 2024. [Online]. Available DOI: https://doi.org/10.47268/tatohi.v2i11.1446

Harvard: Hitipeuw, C.B., Kainama, M., and Waas, R.M., (2023). "Perlindungan Penduduk Sipil Dari Kelompok Kriminal Bersenjata Di Provinsi Papua Ditinjau Dari Hukum Humaniter Internasional". TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Volume 2(11), pp. 1077 – 1089. [Online]. Available DOI: https://doi.org/10.47268/tatohi.v2i11.1446 (Accessed on: 22 November 2024)

Chicago: Hitipeuw, Chrisdian Balandina, Marthinus Kainama, and Richard Marsilio Waas. "Perlindungan Penduduk Sipil Dari Kelompok Kriminal Bersenjata Di Provinsi Papua Ditinjau Dari Hukum Humaniter Internasional." TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 2, no. 11 (January 31, 2023): 1077 – 1089. Accessed November 22, 2024. doi:10.47268/tatohi.v2i11.1446

Vancouver: Hitipeuw CB, Kainama M, Waas RM. Perlindungan Penduduk Sipil Dari Kelompok Kriminal Bersenjata Di Provinsi Papua Ditinjau Dari Hukum Humaniter Internasional. TATOHI J. Ilmu Huk. [Internet]. 2023 Jan 31 [cited 2024 Nov 22];2(11):1077 – 1089. Available from: https://doi.org/10.47268/tatohi.v2i11.1446

MLA 8th: Hitipeuw, Chrisdian Balandina, Marthinus Kainama, and Richard Marsilio Waas. "Perlindungan Penduduk Sipil Dari Kelompok Kriminal Bersenjata Di Provinsi Papua Ditinjau Dari Hukum Humaniter Internasional." TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, vol. 2, no. 11, 31 Jan. 2023, pp. 1077 – 1089, doi:10.47268/tatohi.v2i11.1446. Accessed 22 Nov. 2024.

BibTeX:

@article{TATOHI1446,
		author = {Chrisdian Hitipeuw and Marthinus Kainama and Richard Waas},
		title = {Perlindungan Penduduk Sipil Dari Kelompok Kriminal Bersenjata Di Provinsi Papua Ditinjau Dari Hukum Humaniter Internasional},
		journal = {TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum},
		volume = {2},
		number = {11},
		year = {2023},
		keywords = {Civilians; Armed Criminal Group; International Humanitarian Law},
		abstract = {Introduction: Civil protection in Papua Province from Armed Criminal Groups (KKB) must be a serious concern, considering the cruel actions carried out by the KKB starting from shootings, persecution, arson and various other forms of crime that have caused casualties and property that have continued since to year.Purposes of the Research: to know the regulation of non-international armed conflict and how to protect the civilian population from KKB in Papua Province. Methods of the Research: This legal research, the author uses normative research. That is, a study that primarily examines positive legal provisions, legal principles, and legal doctrines to answer legal questions faced.Results of the Research: The results show that the regulation of non-international armed conflicts can be found in the Geneva Convention of 1949 article 3 regarding armed conflicts that are not international in nature in which one of the major participants is required to comply with the provisions regarding protected persons in the event that they are not actively engaged in hostilities. Furthermore, regarding the protection of the civilian population in Papua Province based on a review of humanitarian law so far it cannot be applied, because the conflict conditions in Papua Province cannot yet be categorized as non-international conflicts, but are classified as situations of domestic security disturbances or internal disturbances and tensions. Thus national law and international human rights law apply.},
				issn = {2775-619X},		pages = {1077--1089}			doi = {10.47268/tatohi.v2i11.1446},
				url = {https://fhukum.unpatti.ac.id/jurnal/tatohi/article/view/1446}
		}

RefWorks:

Citation format: Download Citation:

Ambarwati, Denny Ramhdany, Rina Rusman, Hukum Humaniter Internasional Dalam Studi Hubungan Internasional, PT RajaGrafindo Persada, Jakarta, 2013.

Arlina Permanasari, Pengantar Hukum Humaniter, International Committee of The Red Cross, Jakarta, 1999.

CM. Syallow, International of Committee of The Red Cross, The Geneva Convention of 12 August 1949, Geneva, 2015,https://www.icrc.org/en/doc/assets/files/publications/icrc-002-0173.pdf

Dewa Gede Sudika Mangku, Hukum Humaniter dan Hak Asasi Manusia, International Humanitarian Law Basics Course, Fakultas Hukum Univesitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 2013.

Herman Suryokumoro, Perlindungan Penduduk Sipil Saat Terjadi Konflik Bersenjata Berdasarkan Hukum Humaniter Internasional dan Hukum Pertahanan Indonesia, Fakultas Hukum Universitas Brawijaya, RechtIdee, Vol. 15, No. 2, Desember 2020.

https://www.academia.edu/13000136/Terjemahan_Konvensi_Jenewa_1949_Bagian_IV_tentang_Perlindungan_Orang_Orang_Sipil_dalam_Waktu_Perang.

International Committee of The Red Cross, Treaties, States Parties and Commentaries, https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/COM/365-570006?OpenDocument.

J. G. Starke, Pengantar Hukum Internasional, Sinar Grafika, Jakarta, 2010.

KGPH Haryomataram, Pengantar Hukum Humaniter, Jakarta: RajaGrafindo Persada, 2007.

Kompas TV, Mahfud MD Ungkap Jumlah Korban Kekerasan KKB Selama 3 Tahun Terakhir, Ini Rinciannya, https://www.kompas.tv/article/170641/mahfud-md-ungkap-jumlah-korban-kekerasan-kkb-selama-3-tahun-terakhir-ini-rinciannya.

Kompas.com,"Daftar KKB di Papua, dari yang Masih Aktif hingga yang Sudah Berkebun", https://regional.kompas.com/read/2021/08/21/060100378/daftar-kkb-di-papua-dari-yang-masih-aktif-hingga-yang-sudah-berkebun?page=all

Pande P.S. Suwarsih dan Ni.K.S. Darmawan, Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Warga Sipil dalam Bersenjata (Non-Internasional) Libya Ditinjau dari Persfektif Hukum Humaniter Internasional, Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 0, No.03 Mei 2013.

Peter Mahmud Marzuki, Penelitian Hukum, Prenada Media, Cet, I, Jakarta, 2005.

Richard Waas, Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Hak Atas Lingkungan Hidup Ditinjau dari Persfektif Hukum Internasional dan Hukum Nasional Indonesia, Jurnal Sasi Vol.20 No.1, Januari-Juni 2014.

Sabita F.L. Edon dan Nur. A. Hidayat, Kewajiban Pemerintah Indonesia Terhadap Pelanggaran HAM yang dilakukan oleh Kelompok Kriminal Bersenjata (KKB) di Papua, Jurnal Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Undiksha, Vol. 9 No. 3 September, 2021.

Syamsul Hadi, Disintegrasi Pasca Orde baru: Negara, Konflik Lokal dan Dinamika Internasional, Yayasan Obor, Jakarta,

Suma R Rusdiarti dan Sri Mamudji, Updating Papua Road Map Proses Perdamaian, Politik Kaum Muda da Diaspora Papua, Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia, Jakarta, 2007.

Full Text: PDF