Pertanggungjawaban Negara China Akibat Pencemaran Di Laut China Selatan Dalam Prespektif Hukum Lingkungan Internasional

Jenesya Susye Matakena; Marthinus Kainama; Veriana Josepha Batseba Rehatta

doi:10.47268/tatohi.v3i1.1549

Pertanggungjawaban Negara China Akibat Pencemaran Di Laut China Selatan Dalam Prespektif Hukum Lingkungan Internasional

Jenesya Susye Matakena⁽¹⁾, Marthinus Kainama⁽²⁾, Veriana Josepha Batseba Rehatta⁽³⁾

(1) Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia
(2) Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia
(3) Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia
email

Corresponding Author

Abstract

Introduction: One of the satellite imagery analysis companies, Head Of Simularty, based in the United States, found that there has been pollution to the marine environment in the South China Sea area, precisely in the Spratly Islands, namely the coral island of Whitsun Reef which is still part of the Exclusive Economic Zone of the Philippines.

Purposes of the Research: Aims to find out and analyze the regulation of international law on pollution in the South China Sea and to find out and analyze the form of accountability of the Chinese State due to marine pollution carried out under international environmental law.

Methods of the Research: This legal research uses normative juridical research, case approach, statutory approach, and conceptual approach, primary and secondary legal materials, legal material procedures using primary legal materials which are then associated with secondary legal materials and processing and analysis of legal materials using qualitative descriptive analysis.

Results of the Research: The results showed that China had violated international environmental law obligations as stipulated in the Stockholm Declaration 1972, Rio Declaration 1992, UNCLOS 1982 and MARPOL 73/78. Furthermore, marine pollution carried out by the State of China in the territory of the Exclusive Economic Zone of the Philippine State has opposed the provisions of international environmental law as stipulated in the 1972 Stokcholm Declaration and UNCLOS 1982 which states that it prohibits any country from taking acts of pollution against the environment against both its own territory and in the jurisdiction of other countries. Therefore, it is necessary to have accountability efforts that must be carried out due to the pollution actions carried out.

Keywords

Accountability; Pollution; Marine Environment

DOI

10.47268/tatohi.v3i1.1549

Published

2023-03-31

How To Cite

APA: Matakena, J.S., Kainama, M., & Rehatta, V.J. (2023). Pertanggungjawaban Negara China Akibat Pencemaran Di Laut China Selatan Dalam Prespektif Hukum Lingkungan Internasional. TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 3(1), 22-36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47268/tatohi.v3i1.1549.

IEEE: J.S. Matakena, M. Kainama, and V.J. Rehatta, "Pertanggungjawaban Negara China Akibat Pencemaran Di Laut China Selatan Dalam Prespektif Hukum Lingkungan Internasional", TATOHI J. Ilmu Huk., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 22-36, Mar. 2023. Accessed on: Apr. 25, 2025. [Online]. Available DOI: https://doi.org/10.47268/tatohi.v3i1.1549

Harvard: Matakena, J.S., Kainama, M., and Rehatta, V.J., (2023). "Pertanggungjawaban Negara China Akibat Pencemaran Di Laut China Selatan Dalam Prespektif Hukum Lingkungan Internasional". TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Volume 3(1), pp. 22-36. [Online]. Available DOI: https://doi.org/10.47268/tatohi.v3i1.1549 (Accessed on: 25 April 2025)

Chicago: Matakena, Jenesya Susye, Marthinus Kainama, and Veriana Josepha Batseba Rehatta. "Pertanggungjawaban Negara China Akibat Pencemaran Di Laut China Selatan Dalam Prespektif Hukum Lingkungan Internasional." TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 3, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 22-36. Accessed April 25, 2025. doi:10.47268/tatohi.v3i1.1549

Vancouver: Matakena JS, Kainama M, Rehatta VJ. Pertanggungjawaban Negara China Akibat Pencemaran Di Laut China Selatan Dalam Prespektif Hukum Lingkungan Internasional. TATOHI J. Ilmu Huk. [Internet]. 2023 Mar 31 [cited 2025 Apr 25];3(1):22-36. Available from: https://doi.org/10.47268/tatohi.v3i1.1549

MLA 8th: Matakena, Jenesya Susye, Marthinus Kainama, and Veriana Josepha Batseba Rehatta. "Pertanggungjawaban Negara China Akibat Pencemaran Di Laut China Selatan Dalam Prespektif Hukum Lingkungan Internasional." TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, vol. 3, no. 1, 31 Mar. 2023, pp. 22-36, doi:10.47268/tatohi.v3i1.1549. Accessed 25 Apr. 2025.

BibTeX:

@article{TATOHI1549,
		author = {Jenesya Matakena and Marthinus Kainama and Veriana Rehatta},
		title = {Pertanggungjawaban Negara China Akibat Pencemaran Di Laut China Selatan Dalam Prespektif Hukum Lingkungan Internasional},
		journal = {TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum},
		volume = {3},
		number = {1},
		year = {2023},
		keywords = {Accountability; Pollution; Marine Environment},
		abstract = {Introduction: One of the satellite imagery analysis companies, Head Of Simularty, based in the United States, found that there has been pollution to the marine environment in the South China Sea area, precisely in the Spratly Islands, namely the coral island of Whitsun Reef which is still part of the Exclusive Economic Zone of the Philippines.Purposes of the Research: Aims to find out and analyze the regulation of international law on pollution in the South China Sea and to find out and analyze the form of accountability of the Chinese State due to marine pollution carried out under international environmental law. Methods of the Research: This legal research uses normative juridical research, case approach, statutory approach, and conceptual approach, primary and secondary legal materials, legal material procedures using primary legal materials which are then associated with secondary legal materials and processing and analysis of legal materials using qualitative descriptive analysis.Results of the Research: The results showed that China had violated international environmental law obligations as stipulated in the Stockholm Declaration 1972, Rio Declaration 1992, UNCLOS 1982 and MARPOL 73/78. Furthermore, marine pollution carried out by the State of China in the territory of the Exclusive Economic Zone of the Philippine State has opposed the provisions of international environmental law as stipulated in the 1972 Stokcholm Declaration and UNCLOS 1982 which states that it prohibits any country from taking acts of pollution against the environment against both its own territory and in the jurisdiction of other countries. Therefore, it is necessary to have accountability efforts that must be carried out due to the pollution actions carried out.},
				issn = {2775-619X},		pages = {22--36}			doi = {10.47268/tatohi.v3i1.1549},
				url = {https://fhukum.unpatti.ac.id/jurnal/tatohi/article/view/1549}
		}

RefWorks:

Citation format: Download Citation:

Andreas Pramudianto, Hukum Lingkungan Internasional, Rajawali Pers, Depok, 2017.

Arie Afriansa, Penanggulangan Pencemaran Sampah Plasik Di Laut Berdasarkan Hukum Internasional, Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan, Volume 8, Nomor 3, 2020, Jakarta.

Dedi Supriadi, Hukum Internasional (dari Konsepsi sampai Aplikasi), Pustaka Setia, Bandung, 2013.

Hingorani, Modern International Law, Second Edition, Oceana Publications, 1984.

Hesti Anggraini, Perlindungan Pencemaran Lingkungan Laut Akibat Dari Tumpahan Minyak (Oil Spill) Oleh Kapal Tanker Ditinjau Dari Perspektif Hukum Lingkungan Internasional Dan Hukum Nasional, Jurnal Konstitusi, Volume 10, Nomor 5, 2019, Sumatera Utara.

Ida Bagus Wyasa Putra, Hukum Lingkungan Internasional: Prespektif Bisnis Internasional, Brillian Internasional, Surabaya, 2003.

Kompas Dunia, (13 Juli 2021), Terungkap Ratusan Kapal China Buang Tinja dan Limbah di Laut China Selatan yang Disengketakan, (https://www.kompas.tv/article/192112/terungkap-ratusan-kapal-China-buang-tinja-dan-limbah-di-laut-China-selatan-yang-disengketakan).

Laode M Syarif dkk, Hukum Lingkungan Teori, Legislasi, dan Studi Kasus, Raja Grafindo Persada, Jakarta, 2010.

Muhammad Amin Negara, Pencegahan Pencemaran Laut, Sah Media, Makassar, 2015.

Nalom Kurniawan, Kasus Rohingnya dan Tanggung Jawab Negara dalam Penegakan Hak Asasi Manusia, Jurnal Konstitusi, Volume 14, Nomor 4, 2017, Jakarta.

Otto Soemarwoto, Ekologi: Lingkungan Hidup dan Pembangunan, Djambatan, Jakarta, 1991.

Peter Mahmud Marzuki, Penelitian Hukum, Prenada Media, Cet, I, Jakarta, 2005.

Richard Waas, Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Hak Atas Lingkungan Hidup Ditinjau dari Persfektif Hukum Internasional dan Hukum Nasional Indonesia, Jurnal Sasi, Volume 20, Nomor 1, Januari-Juni 2014.

Sukanda Husin, Hukum Lingkungan Internasional, Pusbangdik, Pekanbaru, 2009.

Full Text: PDF

Article Metrics

Abstract View grafik

: 2587 times
PDF icon PDF

Download : 925 times


Dublin Core		PKP Metadata Items	Metadata for this Document

1.	Title	Title of document	Pertanggungjawaban Negara China Akibat Pencemaran Di Laut China Selatan Dalam Prespektif Hukum Lingkungan Internasional

2.	Creator	Author's name, affiliation, country	Jenesya Susye Matakena; Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pattimura, Ambon; Indonesia

2.	Creator	Author's name, affiliation, country	Marthinus Kainama; Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pattimura, Ambon; Indonesia

2.	Creator	Author's name, affiliation, country	Veriana Josepha Batseba Rehatta; Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pattimura, Ambon; Indonesia

3.	Subject	Discipline(s)

3.	Subject	Keyword(s)	Accountability; Pollution; Marine Environment

4.	Description	Abstract	Introduction: One of the satellite imagery analysis companies, Head Of Simularty, based in the United States, found that there has been pollution to the marine environment in the South China Sea area, precisely in the Spratly Islands, namely the coral island of Whitsun Reef which is still part of the Exclusive Economic Zone of the Philippines.Purposes of the Research: Aims to find out and analyze the regulation of international law on pollution in the South China Sea and to find out and analyze the form of accountability of the Chinese State due to marine pollution carried out under international environmental law. Methods of the Research: This legal research uses normative juridical research, case approach, statutory approach, and conceptual approach, primary and secondary legal materials, legal material procedures using primary legal materials which are then associated with secondary legal materials and processing and analysis of legal materials using qualitative descriptive analysis.Results of the Research: The results showed that China had violated international environmental law obligations as stipulated in the Stockholm Declaration 1972, Rio Declaration 1992, UNCLOS 1982 and MARPOL 73/78. Furthermore, marine pollution carried out by the State of China in the territory of the Exclusive Economic Zone of the Philippine State has opposed the provisions of international environmental law as stipulated in the 1972 Stokcholm Declaration and UNCLOS 1982 which states that it prohibits any country from taking acts of pollution against the environment against both its own territory and in the jurisdiction of other countries. Therefore, it is necessary to have accountability efforts that must be carried out due to the pollution actions carried out.

5.	Publisher	Organizing agency, location	Faculty of Law Pattimura University

6.	Contributor	Sponsor(s)	Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pattimura, Ambon

7.	Date	(YYYY-MM-DD)	2023-03-31

8.	Type	Status & genre	Peer-reviewed Article

8.	Type	Type

9.	Format	File format	PDF

10.	Identifier	Uniform Resource Identifier	https://fhukum.unpatti.ac.id/jurnal/tatohi/article/view/1549

10.	Identifier	Digital Object Identifier	10.47268/tatohi.v3i1.1549

11.	Source	Title; vol., no. (year)	TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum; Vol 3, No 1 (2023): Volume 3 Nomor 1, Maret 2023

12.	Language	English=en	en

13.	Relation	Supp. Files

14.	Coverage	Geo-spatial location, chronological period, research sample (gender, age, etc.)

15.	Rights	Copyright and permissions	Copyright: Authors who publish their manuscripts in this Journal agree to the following conditions: 1. The copyright in each article belongs to the author, as well as the right to patent. 2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal. 3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work. 4. Authors have the right to self-archiving of the article (Author Self-Archiving Policy) Licence : TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum is disseminated based on the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license terms. This license allows anyone to copy and redistribute this material in any form or format, compose, modify, and make derivatives of this material for any purpose. You cannot use this material for commercial purposes. You must specify an appropriate name, include a link to the license, and certify that any changes have been made. You can do this in a way that is appropriate but does not imply that the licensor supports you or your use. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License..