Pengaturan Tentang Penerbangan Komersial Dan Tanggung Jawab Negara

Hardianti Hardianti; Irma Halimah Hanafi; Welly Angela Riry

doi:10.47268/tatohi.v3i10.1958

Pengaturan Tentang Penerbangan Komersial Dan Tanggung Jawab Negara

Hardianti Hardianti⁽¹⁾, Irma Halimah Hanafi⁽²⁾, Welly Angela Riry⁽³⁾

(1) Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia
(2) Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia
(3) Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia
email

Corresponding Author

Abstract

Introduction: In transportation activities, the risk of an accident is an unavoidable thing so that unification of arrangements regarding this matter is an absolute thing to do.

Purposes of the Research: This study aims to find out and examine how the regulation regarding the flight of commercial aircraft in the air space of a country is reviewed from international law and how the form of state responsibility when a commercial aircraft is shot down is reviewed from international law

Methods of the Research: This writing uses a normative type of legal research, which is carried out by studying theories, concepts, legal principles, and laws and regulations. In this study, the author used 2 approaches, namely the statutory approach, and the case approach.

Results of the Research: The results showed that the International air law Regulation related to the parties' obligation to regulate the safety of commercial flights crossing its airspace must be in accordance with the Chicago Convention of 1944. These arrangements are made so that flights that cross the airspace of other countries can be kept safe and secure. Iran's shooting down of Ukrainian plane PS752 has violated provisions in the 1944 Chicago Convention on its airspace in an armed dispute. Therefore, Iran must take responsibility for this incident. In the future, firmness and increased cooperation with various parties are needed so that safety and security in international flights and national flights can be achieved.

Keywords

Arrangement; Commercial Flight; State Responsibility

DOI

10.47268/tatohi.v3i10.1958

Published

2023-12-30

How To Cite

APA: Hardianti, H., Hanafi, I.H., & Riry, W.A. (2023). Pengaturan Tentang Penerbangan Komersial Dan Tanggung Jawab Negara. TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 3(10), 962–980. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47268/tatohi.v3i10.1958.

IEEE: H. Hardianti, I.H. Hanafi, and W.A. Riry, "Pengaturan Tentang Penerbangan Komersial Dan Tanggung Jawab Negara", TATOHI J. Ilmu Huk., vol. 3, no. 10, pp. 962–980, Dec. 2023. Accessed on: Nov. 21, 2024. [Online]. Available DOI: https://doi.org/10.47268/tatohi.v3i10.1958

Harvard: Hardianti, H., Hanafi, I.H., and Riry, W.A., (2023). "Pengaturan Tentang Penerbangan Komersial Dan Tanggung Jawab Negara". TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Volume 3(10), pp. 962–980. [Online]. Available DOI: https://doi.org/10.47268/tatohi.v3i10.1958 (Accessed on: 21 November 2024)

Chicago: Hardianti, Hardianti, Irma Halimah Hanafi, and Welly Angela Riry. "Pengaturan Tentang Penerbangan Komersial Dan Tanggung Jawab Negara." TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 3, no. 10 (December 30, 2023): 962–980. Accessed November 21, 2024. doi:10.47268/tatohi.v3i10.1958

Vancouver: Hardianti H, Hanafi IH, Riry WA. Pengaturan Tentang Penerbangan Komersial Dan Tanggung Jawab Negara. TATOHI J. Ilmu Huk. [Internet]. 2023 Dec 30 [cited 2024 Nov 21];3(10):962–980. Available from: https://doi.org/10.47268/tatohi.v3i10.1958

MLA 8th: Hardianti, Hardianti, Irma Halimah Hanafi, and Welly Angela Riry. "Pengaturan Tentang Penerbangan Komersial Dan Tanggung Jawab Negara." TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, vol. 3, no. 10, 30 Dec. 2023, pp. 962–980, doi:10.47268/tatohi.v3i10.1958. Accessed 21 Nov. 2024.

BibTeX:

@article{TATOHI1958,
		author = {Hardianti Hardianti and Irma Hanafi and Welly Riry},
		title = {Pengaturan Tentang Penerbangan Komersial Dan Tanggung Jawab Negara},
		journal = {TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum},
		volume = {3},
		number = {10},
		year = {2023},
		keywords = {Arrangement; Commercial Flight; State Responsibility},
		abstract = {Introduction: In transportation activities, the risk of an accident is an unavoidable thing so that unification of arrangements regarding this matter is an absolute thing to do.Purposes of the Research: This study aims to find out and examine how the regulation regarding the flight of commercial aircraft in the air space of a country is reviewed from international law and how the form of state responsibility when a commercial aircraft is shot down is reviewed from international law Methods of the Research: This writing uses a normative type of legal research, which is carried out by studying theories, concepts, legal principles, and laws and regulations. In this study, the author used 2 approaches, namely the statutory approach, and the case approach.Results of the Research: The results showed that the International air law Regulation related to the parties' obligation to regulate the safety of commercial flights crossing its airspace must be in accordance with the Chicago Convention of 1944. These arrangements are made so that flights that cross the airspace of other countries can be kept safe and secure. Iran's shooting down of Ukrainian plane PS752 has violated provisions in the 1944 Chicago Convention on its airspace in an armed dispute. Therefore, Iran must take responsibility for this incident. In the future, firmness and increased cooperation with various parties are needed so that safety and security in international flights and national flights can be achieved.},
				issn = {2775-619X},		pages = {962--980}			doi = {10.47268/tatohi.v3i10.1958},
				url = {https://fhukum.unpatti.ac.id/jurnal/tatohi/article/view/1958}
		}

RefWorks:

Citation format: Download Citation:

Jurnal

Baiq Setiani, Konsep Kedaulatan Negara di Ruang Udara dan Upaya Penegakan Pelanggaran Kedaulatan oleh Pesawat Udara Asing, Jurnal Konstitusi, Vol. 14, No.3, 2017.

Billy Diego Arli Papilaya dkk, Tanggung Jawab Negara Terhadap Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia Di Belarusia Ditinjau Dari Hukum Internasional, Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Vol 1, No 6, 2021.

Dadan Adi Kurniawan, Menelusuri Jejak Awal Penerbangan Di Indonesia (1913-1950’an), Jurnal Ilmu Sejarah, Vol. 10, No. 2, 2019.

E. Saefullah, Penggunaan Ruang Udara Indonesia Bagi Penerbangan Berjadwal Ditinjau dari Segi Hukum Udara Internasional, Indonesia Journal of Internasional Law, Vol. 3, No. 2.

E. Saefullah Wiradipradja, Wilayah Udara Negara (State Air Territory) Ditinjau Dari Segi Hukum Internasional Dan Nasional Indonesia, Jurnal Hukum Internasional, Vol. 6, No.4.

Fitriah, Bentuk Dan Tanggung Jawab Atas Terjadinya Keterlambatan Penerbangan (Delay Management) Pada Badan Usaha Angkutan Udara Niaga Berjadwal Di Indonesia, Jurnal Hukum, Vol. 15, No. 3, 2017.

Irma Halima Hanafi, Analisis Kasus Penembakan Pesawat Udara Ukraina oleh Militer Iran, Jurnal Sasi Vol 1, No 2, 2021.

Marsitiningsih, Pengaruh Keberadaan Angkutan Berbasis On-line Terhadap Kesadaran Hukum Konsumen, Jurnal Hukum, Vol. 15, No. 3. 2017.

Shelma Karami dkk, Kewenangan Negara Terhadap Penyelidikan Kecelakaan Penerbangan Sipil Internasional Di Laut Lepas Menurut Hukum Internasional, Jurnal Serambi Hukum, Vol. 8, No. 2, 2014.

Winda Mora, Persaingan Airbus dan Boeing di Industri Jasa Angkutan Udara Indonesia, Jurnal Perhubungan Udara, Vol. 39, No. 4, 2013.

Buku

Adhy Riadhy Arafah dan Sarah Amalia Nursani, Pengantar Hukum Penerbangan Privat, Kencana, 2019.

Akhmad Yasir Hardiman, Menganal Pesawat Terbang, Talenta Pustaka Indonesia, 2009.

Aminarno Budi Pradana, Meteorologi Penerbangan dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Operasi Pesawat Udara, Raja Grafindo Persada, Jakarta.

Antonius Lisliyanto Moenardi, Cocpit Indonesia: Mencermati Keamanan Dunia Penerbangan Sipil di Indonesia, Garuda Mas Sejahtera, 2018.

Anwar, A., Rehatta, V. J. B., Hattu, V. V., Peilouw, J. S., Riry, W. A., Tuhulele, P., ... & Hanafi, I. H. (2021). Hukum Internasional.

Dedi Supriadi, Hukum Internasional Dari Konsepsi Sampai Aplikasi, Pustaka Setia, Bandung, 2013.

Diederiks Verschoor, Beberapa Persamaan Dan Perbedaan Antara Hukum Udara Dan Ruang Angkasa, (terjemahan Bambang Iriana), Sinar Grafika, 1991.

F X. Widadi A, dan Suwarno, Tata Operasi Darat, Gramedia, Jakarta, 2001.

Huang J, Aviation Safety and ICAO, Kluwerd Law International, Netherlands, 2009.

H. A. Wassenbergh, Post-War International Civil Aviation Policy and The Law of The Air, Springer, Berlin, 1957.

Huala Adolf, Aspek-aspek Negara Dalam Hukum Internasional, Radja Grafindo, Bandung, 1990.

Insan Fernaldi Lubis, Skripsi, Tanggung Jawab Maskapai Malaysia Airlines Terhadap Jatuhnya Pesawat MH-17 di Wilayah Ukraina Menurut Hukum Internasional, Bandung: UNPAD, 2015.

J. Scott Hamilton and Sarah Nilsson, Practical Aviation & Aerospace Law, Aviation Supplied & Academics, Washington, 2015, 6^th Edition.

Lilo, Seri Mengenal Alat-alat Transportasi, Kyta, Yogyakarta, 2019.

Ruwatissa Abeyratne, Air Navigation Law, Springer, Berlin, 2012.

T. Bambang Widarto, Tinjauan Hukum Udara Sebagai Pengantar (Dalam Prespektif Hukum Internasional dan Nasional), Pusat Studi Hukum Militer, 2015

Skripsi/Tesis/Disertasi dan Lain-Lain

Aristya Rahadian Krisabella, Tragedi Ukraina, Ini Deretan Pesawat Yang Terjatuh Karena Rudal, 13 januari 2020 diakses dari https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20200113145332-16-129599/tragedi-ukraina-ini-deretan-pesawat-yang-jatuh-karena-rudal.

Artemis Moshtaghain dkk, Pesawat Boing Ukraina jatuh di Iran setelah lepas landas, menewaskan 176 orang di dalamnya, 08 januari 2020 diakses dari https://www.cnn.com/2020/01/07/middleeast/plane-crash-iran-intl-hnk/index.html.

BBC Indonesia, Penembakan Pesawat Ukraina, Media Iran: Malu dan Taktermaafkan, diakses dari https://www.bbc.com/Indonesia/dunia-51081065.

BBC News, Ada Bukti Rudal Iran Menembak Jatuh Pesawat Ukraina, Kata PM Kanada Justin Trudeau, 10 Januari 2020.

Chyntia Sami Bhayangkara, Iran Berikan Kompensasi Rp 2 Triliun Untuk Korban Pesawat Ukraina, 14 Januari 2020 diakses dari https://www.suara. com/news /2020/01/14/ 152625/iran-berikan-kompensasi-rp-2-triliun-untuk-korban-pesawat-ukraina.

CNN Indonesia, Investigasi Awal Ungkap Pesawat Ukraina Dihantam 2 Rudal Iran, diakses dari, https://www.cnnindonesia.com/internasional/20200121153644-120-467356/investigasi-awal-ungkap-pesawat-ukraina-dihantam-2-rudal-iran.

CNN, Data Kotak Hitam Pesawat Ukraina Akan Diunduh di Prancis, 11 Januari 2020, diakses dari https://www.cnnindonesia.com/internasional/20200111190738-120-464502/data-kotak-hitam-pesawat-ukraina-akan-diunduh-di-prancis.

CNN, Lima Negara Tuntut Ganti Rugi Korban Pesawat Ukraina ke Iran, 17Januari 2020, di akses dari https://www.cnnindonesia.com/internasional/20200117152906-134-466317/lima-negara-tuntut-ganti-rugi-korban-pesawat-ukraina-ke-iran.

CNN, Keluarga Korban Pesawat Ditembak Rudal Iran Dapat Kompensasi Rp 1,2 T, 5 Januari 2022, diakses dari https://www.cnnindonesia.com/internasional/20220105073555-134-742658/keluarga-korban-pesawat-ditembak-rudal-iran-dapat-kompensasi-rp1,2-t.

https://www.planespotters.net/airframe/boeing-737-800-ur-psr-ukraine-international-airlines/385qjr.

Michael Safi, Iran Plane Crash: Ukraine Boing With more than 160 on board comes down near Tehran, 8 January 2020, diakses dari https://www. Theguardian .com /world /2020 /jan/28/iran-plane-crash-ukraine-boing-180-tehran.

Republika.CO.ID, Analisis Kotak Hitam: Pesawat Ukraina Ditembak Dua Kali, 24 Agustus 2020, diakses dari https://www.republika.co.id/berita/qfjp61370/analisis-kotak-hitam-pesawat-ukraina-ditembak-dua-kali.

Riadi Pransisko Hutauruk, , Perlindungan Hukum Dan Tanggung Jawab Negara Malaysia Terhadap Penumpang Pesawat Mh370 Ditinjau Dari Hukum Internasional, (Skripsi: Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 2014.

TEMPO.CO, Korban Tewas Ukraine Internasional Airlines dari Tujuh Negara, 9 januari 2020 diakses dari https://dunia.tempo.co/read/1293174/korban-tewas-ukraine-internasional-airlines-dari-tujuh-negara.

Tumanggor Sugito, Tesis: Pertanggungjawaban Negara Terhadap Kecelakaan Pesawat Komersial Sipil Menurut Hukum Internasional (Studi Kasus Malaysia Airlines MH370), Tesis: UIR, Riau. 2018.

Riadi Pransisko Hutauruk, Skripsi, Perlindungan Hukum Dan Tanggung Jawab Negara Malaysia Terhadap Penumpang Pesawat Mh370 Ditinjau Dari Hukum Internasional, (Medan: Universitas Sumatera Utara, 2014.

Yuliaka Ramadhani, Iran Menyatakan “Tidak Sengaja” Menembak Jatuh Pesawat Ukraina, 11 Januari 2020 diakses dari https://tirto.id/iran-menyatakan-tidak-sengaja-menembak-jatuh-pesawat-ukraina-erZA.

Zacharias Wuragil, Iran Tembak Jatuh Pesawat Ukraina, Apa itu Rudal Tor-M1?, 15 Januari 2020, diakses dari https://tekno.tempo.co/read/1295588/iran-tembak-jatuh-pesawat-ukraina-apa-itu-rudal-tor-m-1.

Full Text: PDF