The Application of the Burden of Proof Concept in Indonesia: A Comparative Study

Abdullah Abdullah; Muhammad Hatta

doi:10.47268/sasi.v28i3.1045

The Application of the Burden of Proof Concept in Indonesia: A Comparative Study

Abdullah Abdullah⁽¹⁾, Muhammad Hatta⁽²⁾

(1) Faculty of Sharia Institut Agama Islam Negeri Lhokseumawe, Lhokseumawe, Indonesia
(2) Faculty of Law Malikussaleh University, Lhokseumawe, Indonesia
email

Corresponding Author

Abstract

Introduction: One of the reasons for a reverse proof system is the difficulty of proving the offenses committed by certain perpetrators of a criminal offense, such as corruption and money laundering. Thus, the government issues the legal policy to apply a reverse burden of proof to solve this problem.

Purposes of the Research: This study aims to analyze the application of the reverse burden of proof in Indonesian and Islamic criminal law.

Methods of the Research: This research is legalistic, doctrinal, or normative, using a comparative law approach to compare the application of a reverse burden of proof in Indonesian criminal law and Islamic criminal law.

Results of the Research: The application of a reverse burden of proof in Indonesia is limited and balanced (balanced probability of principles) as regulated in Article 37 of Law no. 31 of 2019 in conjuction with Law No. 20 of 2000 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes and Article 35 of Law no. 8 of 2010 concerning the Prevention and Eradication of the Crime of Money Laundering. In Islamic criminal law, the application of t a reverse burden of proof has long been carried out, as seen in Surah Al-Nisa verse 135 and the story of Prophet Yusuf's proof of Zulaikha's accusation in Surah Yusuf verses 24-29, and several hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad. These two legal systems are similar in terms of the application of a reverse burden of proof that is only applied to certain cases, such as corruption and money laundering. However, the difference is that the application of a reverse burden of proof in Indonesian criminal law is limited and balanced. In contrast, the principle of a reverse burden of proof against corruption cases in Islamic criminal law is absolute.

Keywords

Application; Draft; Burden; Proof; Reverse; Indonesia; Comparative Study

DOI

10.47268/sasi.v28i3.1045

Published

2022-10-13

How To Cite

APA: Abdullah, A., & Hatta, M. (2022). The Application of the Burden of Proof Concept in Indonesia: A Comparative Study. SASI, 28(3), 458-469. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47268/sasi.v28i3.1045.

IEEE: A. Abdullah, and M. Hatta, "The Application of the Burden of Proof Concept in Indonesia: A Comparative Study", SASI, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 458-469, Oct. 2022. Accessed on: Mar. 31, 2025. [Online]. Available DOI: https://doi.org/10.47268/sasi.v28i3.1045

Harvard: Abdullah, A., and Hatta, M., (2022). "The Application of the Burden of Proof Concept in Indonesia: A Comparative Study". SASI, Volume 28(3), pp. 458-469. [Online]. Available DOI: https://doi.org/10.47268/sasi.v28i3.1045 (Accessed on: 31 March 2025)

Chicago: Abdullah, Abdullah, and Muhammad Hatta. "The Application of the Burden of Proof Concept in Indonesia: A Comparative Study." SASI 28, no. 3 (October 13, 2022): 458-469. Accessed March 31, 2025. doi:10.47268/sasi.v28i3.1045

Vancouver: Abdullah A, Hatta M. The Application of the Burden of Proof Concept in Indonesia: A Comparative Study. SASI [Internet]. 2022 Oct 13 [cited 2025 Mar 31];28(3):458-469. Available from: https://doi.org/10.47268/sasi.v28i3.1045

MLA 8th: Abdullah, Abdullah, and Muhammad Hatta. "The Application of the Burden of Proof Concept in Indonesia: A Comparative Study." SASI, vol. 28, no. 3, 13 Oct. 2022, pp. 458-469, doi:10.47268/sasi.v28i3.1045. Accessed 31 Mar. 2025.

BibTeX:

@article{SASI1045,
		author = {Abdullah Abdullah and Muhammad Hatta},
		title = {The Application of the Burden of Proof Concept in Indonesia: A Comparative Study},
		journal = {SASI},
		volume = {28},
		number = {3},
		year = {2022},
		keywords = {Application; Draft; Burden; Proof; Reverse; Indonesia; Comparative Study},
		abstract = {Introduction: One of the reasons for a reverse proof system is the difficulty of proving the offenses committed by certain perpetrators of a criminal offense, such as corruption and money laundering. Thus, the government issues the legal policy to apply a reverse burden of proof to solve this problem.Purposes of the Research: This study aims to analyze the application of the reverse burden of proof in Indonesian and Islamic criminal law.Methods of the Research: This research is legalistic, doctrinal, or normative, using a comparative law approach to compare the application of a reverse burden of proof in Indonesian criminal law and Islamic criminal law.Results of the Research: The application of a reverse burden of proof in Indonesia is limited and balanced (balanced probability of principles) as regulated in Article 37 of Law no. 31 of 2019 in conjuction with Law No. 20 of 2000 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes and Article 35 of Law no. 8 of 2010 concerning the Prevention and Eradication of the Crime of Money Laundering. In Islamic criminal law, the application of t a reverse burden of proof has long been carried out, as seen in Surah Al-Nisa verse 135 and the story of Prophet Yusuf's proof of Zulaikha's accusation in Surah Yusuf verses 24-29, and several hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad. These two legal systems are similar in terms of the application of a reverse burden of proof that is only applied to certain cases, such as corruption and money laundering. However, the difference is that the application of a reverse burden of proof in Indonesian criminal law is limited and balanced. In contrast, the principle of a reverse burden of proof against corruption cases in Islamic criminal law is absolute.},
				issn = {2614-2961},		pages = {458--469}			doi = {10.47268/sasi.v28i3.1045},
				url = {https://fhukum.unpatti.ac.id/jurnal/sasi/article/view/1045}
		}

RefWorks:

Citation format: Download Citation:

Journal Article

Adji, Indriyanto Seno. “Perspektif Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Pidana Korupsi.” Jurnal Hukum Pro Justitia 25, no. 4 (2007): 283–304. https://doi.org/10.20885/jhpj.vo25.iss4.art6.

Analiansyah. “Hukum Pembuktian Terbalik Dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam.” Jurnal Al-Murshalah 2, no. 1 (2016): 38–52. https://doi.org/10.18196/jam.vo2.i1.217.

Eddyono, Supriyadi Widodo. “Verification Reversed Imposition And It’s Challenges.” Legislasi Indonesia 8, no. 2 (2013): 267–80. https://doi.org/10.54629/jli.v8i2.358.

Hart, Hamilton. “Anti Corruption Strategies in Indonesia.” Buletin of Indonesia Economic Studies 37, no. 1 (2001): 65–88. https://doi.org/10.1080/000749101300046519.

Hashim, Ashraf Bin Md. “Tahap Pembuktian Di Dalam Kes-Kes Jenayah: Kajian Perbandingan Antara Undang-Undang Islam Dan Sivil.” Jumal Syariah 9, no. 2 (2001): 13-32. https://doi.org/10.22452.

Hatta, Muhammad. Kejahatan Luar Biasa: Extra Ordinary Crime. Unimal Press. Vol. 1, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004.

Munawar, Kukun Abdul Syakur. “Pembuktian Terbalik Sebagai Kebijakan Kriminal Dalam Penanganan Tindak Pidana Korupsi.” Jurnal Hukum 5, no. 2 (2017): 224–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.25157/jigj.v5i2.820.

Noor, Ruzman, and Istajib Mokhtar. “Ulasan Kes Dari Aspek Pembuktian: Rosmah Binti Suly & Seorang Yang Lain Lwn. Ismail Bin Mohamad & Seorang Yang Lain [JH 32/2, JUN 2011, 223].” Jurnal Kanun 26, no. 1 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.30821/kanun.v26i1.121.

Nugroho, Bastianto. “Peranan Alat Bukti Dalam Perkara Pidana Dalam Putusan Hakim Menurut KUHAP.” Yuridika 32, no. 1 (2017): 21-25. https://doi.org/10.20473/ydk.v32i1.4780 .

Paul, Augustine. “Evidence-Practice and Procedure.” Malayan Law Journal 5 (2003): 540.

Rahman, Gazali. “Asas Pembuktian Terbalik Dalam Tindak Pidana Korupsi (Perspektif Hukum Pidana Indonesia Dan Hukum Pidana Islam).” Tahkim: Jurnal Hukum Dan Syariah XV, no. 2 (2019): 235–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33477/thk.v15i2.2702.

Shariff, Ahmad ‘Azam Mohd. “Syariah Prosecution Procedure: Analysis on Legal Provisions under Syariah Criminal Procedure (Federal Territories) Act 1997 and Syariah Criminal Courts (Federal Territories) Act 1997.” Jurnal Undang-Undang & Masyarakat 15 (2011): 1–18.

Yaqin, A. “Legal Research and Writting.” Malayan Law Journal SDN BHD 1 (2007): 10.

Book

Adji, Indriyanto Seno. Korupsi Dan Permasalahannya. Jakarta: Diadit Media Press, 2012.

Al-Zarqa, Mustafa Ahmad. Al-Madkhal Al-Fiqhi Al-‘Am. II. Beirut: Matba’ah Tharban, 1986.

Anshoruddin. Hukum Pembuktian Menurut Hukum Acara Islam Dan Hukum Positif. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2014.

Byrne, J. A Gabbo David. Cross on Evidence. Singapore: Tien Wah Press, 1980.

Cees, Schaap. Fighting Money Laundering. London: Kluwer Law International, 1998.

Diantha, I Made Pasek. Metodologi Penelitian Hukum Normatif Dalam Justifikasi Teori Hukum. Jakarta: Prenanda Media Group, 2017.

Effendy, Marwan. Sistem Peradilan Pidana Tinjauan Terhadap Beberapa Perkembangan Hukuh Pidana. Jakarta: Referensi Jakarta, 2012.

Groeschel, Hayt. Law of Hospital, Physician and Patient. Physician`s Record Company: Berwyn, 1972.

Hiariej, E. O. S. Pembuktian Terbalik Dalam Pengembalian Aset Kejahatan Korupsi. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada, 2012.

Hidma, TR. Pitlo Het Nederlands Burgerlijk Recht Deel 7 Bewijs Achtste Druk. Kluwer: Deventer, 2004.

Ibrahim, Hamid. Law of Evidence. Kuala Lumpur: Central Law Book Corporation Sdn. Bhd, 1993.

Kasim, Shopian. Money Laundering Dan Pembuktian Terbalik. Jakarta: Republika, 1998.

Lumbun, T. Gayus. Menerobos Goa Hantu Peradilan Indonesia. Jakarta: Busines Information Service (BIS), 2004.

Majelis Ulama Indonesia. Himpunan Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia Sejak 1975. Jakarta: Erlangga, 2011.

Nor, Siti Zalikhah Haji Md. Beberapa Aspek Dalam Undang-Undang Keterangan Islam. 3rd ed. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2006.

Prints, Darwan. Hukum Acara Pidana Dalam Praktik. Jakarta: Djambatan, 1998.

Prodjohamidjojo, Martiman. Komentar Atas KUHAP: Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana. Jakarta: Pradnya Paramitha, 1984.

Purnomo, Bambang. Pokok-Pokok Tata Cara Peradilan Indonesia. Jogjakarta: Liberti, 2004.

Saad, Zulfakar Ramlee. Pembuktian Dalam Kes Jenayah Syariah Malaysia: Isu Dan Penyelesaian (Proving Cases in Syariah Courts: Issues and Resolutions). Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2008.

Yazid, Abu. Fiqh Realitas. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2015.

Full Text: PDF