Pre-purchase Agreement on the Covid-19 Vaccine and its Impact on the Right to Health
), Mariah Agnes Matakena(2)
(1) Faculty of Law Pattimura University, Ambon, Indonesia
(2) Faculty of Law Pattimura University, Ambon, Indonesia
Corresponding Author
Abstract
Keywords
DOI
10.47268/sasi.v27i4.681
Published
2021-11-27
How To Cite
@article{SASI681,
author = {Josina Wattimena and Mariah Matakena},
title = {Pre-purchase Agreement on the Covid-19 Vaccine and its Impact on the Right to Health},
journal = {SASI},
volume = {27},
number = {4},
year = {2021},
keywords = {Pre-Purchase Agreement; Vaccine Covid-19; Global Public Health; Developing Nations},
abstract = {A vaccine is a core solution to decreasing the widespread damage caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the race to find a vaccine requires a large budget to finance research and development carried out by pharmaceutical companies. This funding is usually accommodated by wealthy developed nations who enter per-purchase agreements with these companies that guarantee a large quantity of the approved vaccines, honored in the agreements between these countries and the pharmaceutical companies. However this agreement blocks the access to other countries, especially developing countries to purchase the same vaccines therefore unable to fulfill their citizens’ right to health as regulated in the universal declaration of human rights and other international legal sources. In analyzing this, the method of research used is a legal normative approach by studying literary materials, international legal documents, and case studies. The conclusion of this research is that pre-purchase agreements are a right of developed nations to fulfill the right of their citizens on one perspective however on the other it violates the right of the international community, especially small and developing countries to fulfill their right to health.},
issn = {2614-2961}, pages = {414--422} doi = {10.47268/sasi.v27i4.681},
url = {https://fhukum.unpatti.ac.id/jurnal/sasi/article/view/681}
}
Journal
[1] Kunarso, K., & Sumaryanto, A. D. (2020). Eksistensi Perjanjian Ditengah Pandemi Covid-19. Batulis Civil Law Review, 1(1), 33-46.
https://doi.org/10.47268/ballrev.v1i1.423
[2] Priyono, E. A. (2017), Peranan Asas Iktikad Baik Dalam Kontrak Baku (Upaya Menjaga Keseimbangan Bagi Para Pihak), Diponegoro Private Law Review 1(1).
[3] Purwanto, H. (2009). Keberadaan asas Pacta Sunt Servanda dalam perjanjian internasional. Mimbar Hukum, 21(1), 155-170.
[4] Saija, R., & Sudiarawan, K. A. (2021). Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Perusahaan Debitur Pailit dalam Menghadapi Pandemi Covid 19. Batulis Civil Law Review, 2(1), 66-77.
https://doi.org/10.47268/ballrev.v2i1.474
[5] Taun, T., & Nugraha, A. (2020). Penerapan Hukum dalam Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja dan Kebijakan Bank Terhadap Debitur yang Terdampak Pandemi Covid-19. Batulis Civil Law Review, 1(1), 24-32.
https://doi.org/10.47268/ballrev.v1i1.422
Books
[6] Akehurst, M. (1979). A Modern To Inernastional law, London: George Allen and Unwin, LTD.
[7] Davidson, S. (1994). Human Rights, History, Theory and Practices in International Relations, Grafity.
[8] Mertokusumo,S. (2001). Penemuan Hukum, Yogyakarta: Liberty.
[9] Mochtar, K., & Agoes, E. R. (2003). Pengantar Hukum Internasional. Bandung: Alumni.
[10] Muhtaj, M. E. (2008). Dimensi-Dimensi HAM Mengurai Hak Ekonomi. Sosial, dan Budaya, Jakarta: RajaGrafindo Persada.
[11] Ridwan, K. (2004). Itikad Baik Dalam Kebebasan Berkontrak. Jakarta: Indonesian University Graduate School of Law.
[12] Rozakis, C. L. (1976). The Concept of Jus Cogens In The Law of Treaties. Amsterdam; New York: North-Holland Publishing Company; New York: sole distributors for the USA, Elsevier/North-Holland. quoted from Yudha Bakti , Pajajaran Magazine No. 1 1981.
[13] Syaifuddin, M. (2012). Contract Law: Understanding Contracts in Perspective Philosophy, Theory, Dogmatics and Legal Practice. Bandung: Mandar Maju.
Online/World Wide Web, Thesis etc
[14] https://www.voaindonesia.com/a/astrazeneca-teken-kesepakatan-vaksin-corona-dengan-sejumlah-negara-eropa/5461697.html.
[15] https://health.detik.com/berita-detikhealth/d-5113898/negara-kaya-berlomba-borong-vaksin-corona-bagaimana-nasib-dunia.
[16] https://reference.elsam.or.id/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/KESEHATAN-SEBAGAI-HAK-ASASI-MANUSIA.pdf.
[17] https://www.voaindonesia.com/a/astrazeneca-teken-keskes-vaksin-corona-dengan-sejotal-negara-eropa/5461697.html.
[18] https://health.detik.com/berita-detikhealth/d-5113898/negara-kaya-berlomba-borong-vaksin-corona-bimana-nasib-dunia.
[19] Karel Vasak, "Human Rights: A Thirty-Year Struggle: the Sustained Efforts to give Force of law to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights", UNESCO Courier 30:11, P aris, November 1977, quoted as https: // Reference.elsam.or.id/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/K Kesehatan_Sebagai_Hak_Asasi_Manusia.pdf.
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| Dublin Core | PKP Metadata Items | Metadata for this Document | |
| 1. | Title | Title of document | Pre-purchase Agreement on the Covid-19 Vaccine and its Impact on the Right to Health |
| 2. | Creator | Author's name, affiliation, country | Josina Augustina Yvonne Wattimena; Faculty of Law Pattimura University, Ambon; Indonesia |
| 2. | Creator | Author's name, affiliation, country | Mariah Agnes Matakena; Faculty of Law Pattimura University, Ambon; Indonesia |
| 3. | Subject | Discipline(s) | |
| 3. | Subject | Keyword(s) | Pre-Purchase Agreement; Vaccine Covid-19; Global Public Health; Developing Nations |
| 4. | Description | Abstract | A vaccine is a core solution to decreasing the widespread damage caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the race to find a vaccine requires a large budget to finance research and development carried out by pharmaceutical companies. This funding is usually accommodated by wealthy developed nations who enter per-purchase agreements with these companies that guarantee a large quantity of the approved vaccines, honored in the agreements between these countries and the pharmaceutical companies. However this agreement blocks the access to other countries, especially developing countries to purchase the same vaccines therefore unable to fulfill their citizens’ right to health as regulated in the universal declaration of human rights and other international legal sources. In analyzing this, the method of research used is a legal normative approach by studying literary materials, international legal documents, and case studies. The conclusion of this research is that pre-purchase agreements are a right of developed nations to fulfill the right of their citizens on one perspective however on the other it violates the right of the international community, especially small and developing countries to fulfill their right to health. |
| 5. | Publisher | Organizing agency, location | Faculty of Law, Universitas Pattimura |
| 6. | Contributor | Sponsor(s) | |
| 7. | Date | (YYYY-MM-DD) | 2021-11-27 |
| 8. | Type | Status & genre | Peer-reviewed Article |
| 8. | Type | Type | |
| 9. | Format | File format | |
| 10. | Identifier | Uniform Resource Identifier | https://fhukum.unpatti.ac.id/jurnal/sasi/article/view/681 |
| 10. | Identifier | Digital Object Identifier | 10.47268/sasi.v27i4.681 |
| 11. | Source | Title; vol., no. (year) | SASI; Vol 27, No 4 (2021): Volume 27 Nomor 4, Oktober - Desember 2021 |
| 12. | Language | English=en | en |
| 13. | Relation | Supp. Files | |
| 14. | Coverage | Geo-spatial location, chronological period, research sample (gender, age, etc.) | |
| 15. | Rights | Copyright and permissions | Copyright: Authors who publish their manuscripts in this Journal agree to the following conditions: 1. The copyright in each article belongs to the author, as well as the right to patent. 2. Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal. 3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work. 4. Authors have the right to self-archiving of the article (Author Self-Archiving Policy)
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Copyright (c) 2021 Josina Augustina Yvonne Wattimena, Mariah Agnes Matakena
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