Spionase Pejabat Diplomatik Rusia Terhadap Negara Denmark Dalam Hukum Diplomatik

Balgis Sya’ban; Lucia Charlota Octovina Tahamata; Irma Halimah Hanafi

doi:10.47268/tatohi.v3i9.1948

Spionase Pejabat Diplomatik Rusia Terhadap Negara Denmark Dalam Hukum Diplomatik

Balgis Sya’ban⁽¹⁾, Lucia Charlota Octovina Tahamata⁽²⁾, Irma Halimah Hanafi⁽³⁾

(1) Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia
(2) Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia
(3) Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia
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Corresponding Author

Abstract

Introduction: Espionage is intelligence activity in a country or company seeking confidential information. Espionage activities focus on gathering non-public information through covert means. Espionage by Russian diplomatic officials against Denmark led to the expulsion of Russian diplomatic officials due to unacceptable espionage in Denmark. The purpose of this study is to examine and discuss whether Russian espionage can be categorized as espionage and how responsibility for espionage is carried out by Denmark.

Purposes of the Research: To study and discuss whether Russian spying experiments can be categorized as espionage and how is the responsibility for espionage carried out by Russia against Denmark.Methods of the

Research: The research method used is normative juridical, namely research on rules, norms, and legal principles based on statutory regulations. The problem approach used is the normative legal approach, namely the conceptual approach, the case approach and the statutory approach. The sources of legal materials used are primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Legal material collection techniques through library research. Then analyzed qualitatively.

Results of the Research: The results of the study conclude that spying by Russian diplomatic officials against Denmark can be categorized as espionage because it is contained in the 1961 Vienna convention. eye is considered espionage. The form of accountability for the Danish state due to actions committed by the Russian state is by expelling or persona nongrata against diplomatic officials who carry out espionage.

Keywords

Espionage; Diplomatic; Convention

DOI

10.47268/tatohi.v3i9.1948

Published

2023-12-26

How To Cite

APA: Sya’ban, B., Tahamata, L.C., & Hanafi, I.H. (2023). Spionase Pejabat Diplomatik Rusia Terhadap Negara Denmark Dalam Hukum Diplomatik. TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 3(9), 852–860. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47268/tatohi.v3i9.1948.

IEEE: B. Sya’ban, L.C. Tahamata, and I.H. Hanafi, "Spionase Pejabat Diplomatik Rusia Terhadap Negara Denmark Dalam Hukum Diplomatik", TATOHI J. Ilmu Huk., vol. 3, no. 9, pp. 852–860, Dec. 2023. Accessed on: May. 8, 2025. [Online]. Available DOI: https://doi.org/10.47268/tatohi.v3i9.1948

Harvard: Sya’ban, B., Tahamata, L.C., and Hanafi, I.H., (2023). "Spionase Pejabat Diplomatik Rusia Terhadap Negara Denmark Dalam Hukum Diplomatik". TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Volume 3(9), pp. 852–860. [Online]. Available DOI: https://doi.org/10.47268/tatohi.v3i9.1948 (Accessed on: 8 May 2025)

Chicago: Sya’ban, Balgis, Lucia Charlota Octovina Tahamata, and Irma Halimah Hanafi. "Spionase Pejabat Diplomatik Rusia Terhadap Negara Denmark Dalam Hukum Diplomatik." TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 3, no. 9 (December 26, 2023): 852–860. Accessed May 8, 2025. doi:10.47268/tatohi.v3i9.1948

Vancouver: Sya’ban B, Tahamata LC, Hanafi IH. Spionase Pejabat Diplomatik Rusia Terhadap Negara Denmark Dalam Hukum Diplomatik. TATOHI J. Ilmu Huk. [Internet]. 2023 Dec 26 [cited 2025 May 8];3(9):852–860. Available from: https://doi.org/10.47268/tatohi.v3i9.1948

MLA 8th: Sya’ban, Balgis, Lucia Charlota Octovina Tahamata, and Irma Halimah Hanafi. "Spionase Pejabat Diplomatik Rusia Terhadap Negara Denmark Dalam Hukum Diplomatik." TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, vol. 3, no. 9, 26 Dec. 2023, pp. 852–860, doi:10.47268/tatohi.v3i9.1948. Accessed 8 May. 2025.

BibTeX:

@article{TATOHI1948,
		author = {Balgis Sya’ban and Lucia Tahamata and Irma Hanafi},
		title = {Spionase Pejabat Diplomatik Rusia Terhadap Negara Denmark Dalam Hukum Diplomatik},
		journal = {TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum},
		volume = {3},
		number = {9},
		year = {2023},
		keywords = {Espionage; Diplomatic; Convention},
		abstract = {Introduction: Espionage is intelligence activity in a country or company seeking confidential information. Espionage activities focus on gathering non-public information through covert means. Espionage by Russian diplomatic officials against Denmark led to the expulsion of Russian diplomatic officials due to unacceptable espionage in Denmark. The purpose of this study is to examine and discuss whether Russian espionage can be categorized as espionage and how responsibility for espionage is carried out by Denmark.Purposes of the Research: To study and discuss whether Russian spying experiments can be categorized as espionage and how is the responsibility for espionage carried out by Russia against Denmark.Methods of the Research: The research method used is normative juridical, namely research on rules, norms, and legal principles based on statutory regulations. The problem approach used is the normative legal approach, namely the conceptual approach, the case approach and the statutory approach. The sources of legal materials used are primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Legal material collection techniques through library research. Then analyzed qualitatively.Results of the Research: The results of the study conclude that spying by Russian diplomatic officials against Denmark can be categorized as espionage because it is contained in the 1961 Vienna convention. eye is considered espionage. The form of accountability for the Danish state due to actions committed by the Russian state is by expelling or persona nongrata against diplomatic officials who carry out espionage.},
				issn = {2775-619X},		pages = {852--860}			doi = {10.47268/tatohi.v3i9.1948},
				url = {https://fhukum.unpatti.ac.id/jurnal/tatohi/article/view/1948}
		}

RefWorks:

Citation format: Download Citation:

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Tahamata. L.C, (2011), Suaka Diplmatik Dalam Kajian Hukum Internasional. SASI, Vol 17, No 2, Hal 83-88 ( https://fhukum.unpatti.ac.id/jurnal/sasi/article/view/356 )

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Sumaryo Suryokusumo, (2013), Hukum Diplomatik dan Konsuler Jilid I, Jakarta: Tatanusa

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http://fnn.co.id/post/giliran-denmark-yang-mengusir-15-diplomat-rusia

Hukum Online, Negara Bisa Bawa Kasus Penyadapan ke ICJ, http://www.hukumonline.com/berita/baca/lt528b367700e68/negara-bisa-bawa-kasus-penyadapan-ke-icj

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Dublin Core		PKP Metadata Items	Metadata for this Document

1.	Title	Title of document	Spionase Pejabat Diplomatik Rusia Terhadap Negara Denmark Dalam Hukum Diplomatik

2.	Creator	Author's name, affiliation, country	Balgis Sya’ban; Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pattimura, Ambon; Indonesia

2.	Creator	Author's name, affiliation, country	Lucia Charlota Octovina Tahamata; Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pattimura, Ambon; Indonesia

2.	Creator	Author's name, affiliation, country	Irma Halimah Hanafi; Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pattimura, Ambon; Indonesia

3.	Subject	Discipline(s)

3.	Subject	Keyword(s)	Espionage; Diplomatic; Convention

4.	Description	Abstract	Introduction: Espionage is intelligence activity in a country or company seeking confidential information. Espionage activities focus on gathering non-public information through covert means. Espionage by Russian diplomatic officials against Denmark led to the expulsion of Russian diplomatic officials due to unacceptable espionage in Denmark. The purpose of this study is to examine and discuss whether Russian espionage can be categorized as espionage and how responsibility for espionage is carried out by Denmark.Purposes of the Research: To study and discuss whether Russian spying experiments can be categorized as espionage and how is the responsibility for espionage carried out by Russia against Denmark.Methods of the Research: The research method used is normative juridical, namely research on rules, norms, and legal principles based on statutory regulations. The problem approach used is the normative legal approach, namely the conceptual approach, the case approach and the statutory approach. The sources of legal materials used are primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Legal material collection techniques through library research. Then analyzed qualitatively.Results of the Research: The results of the study conclude that spying by Russian diplomatic officials against Denmark can be categorized as espionage because it is contained in the 1961 Vienna convention. eye is considered espionage. The form of accountability for the Danish state due to actions committed by the Russian state is by expelling or persona nongrata against diplomatic officials who carry out espionage.

5.	Publisher	Organizing agency, location	Faculty of Law Pattimura University

6.	Contributor	Sponsor(s)	Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pattimura, Ambon

7.	Date	(YYYY-MM-DD)	2023-12-26

8.	Type	Status & genre	Peer-reviewed Article

8.	Type	Type

9.	Format	File format	PDF

10.	Identifier	Uniform Resource Identifier	https://fhukum.unpatti.ac.id/jurnal/tatohi/article/view/1948

10.	Identifier	Digital Object Identifier	10.47268/tatohi.v3i9.1948

11.	Source	Title; vol., no. (year)	TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum; Vol 3, No 9 (2023): Volume 3 Nomor 9, November 2023

12.	Language	English=en	en

13.	Relation	Supp. Files

14.	Coverage	Geo-spatial location, chronological period, research sample (gender, age, etc.)

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